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A slight inflationary trend near and east of Puʻu ʻŌʻō suggests that magma may be refilling the middle East Rift Zone. Low seismicity and reduced gas emissions do not indicate that the magma is shallow, but HVO continues to closely monitor this area and will report any significant changes.

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Upon contact with water, either through ash falling into water catchments or by rain falling on ash, the soluble components are washed from the ash.

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KÄ«lauea is not erupting. Summit and East Rift Zone activity are greatly reduced, with low rates of seismicity, deformation, and gas emissions recorded this past week.

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What causes these earthquakes, and how long will they last?

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KÄ«lauea activity is greatly reduced, with low rates of seismicity, deformation, and gas emissions recorded this past week, and no active lava at the surface of the volcano since September 5.

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Steven Brantley’s 37-year stint with the USGS—16 years at the Cascades Volcano Observatory and 21 at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory—ends this month.

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Active lava has not been seen within the fissure 8 cone since September 5, and the high rates of seismicity and deflationary deformation at the summit stopped abruptly on August 4.

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The USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) uses a diverse set of instruments to monitor active volcanoes in Hawaii.

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At KÄ«lauea’s lower East Rift Zone, the most recent significant incandescence visible within the fissure 8 cone was on September 15. At the summit of the volcano, seismicity and ground deformation remain low.

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Putting together the evidence for such events is complicated, time-consuming, field-oriented research, but it paid dividends at KÄ«lauea by recognizing the large-scale cyclic behavior of the volcano during the past 2,500 years.

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The combined sulfur dioxide emission rates at Kīlauea’s summit, Puʻu ʻŌʻō, and lower East Rift Zone remain at less than 1,000 tonnes per day—lower than at any time since late 2007.

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In June, the University of Utah, in conjunction with the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory installed a dense array of seismometers on the summit and lower East Rift Zone of KÄ«lauea.

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Since the beginning of September, small lava flows have been observed within the fissure 8 cone, but none have extended outside the walls of the cone.

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The international volcanology community came together in one of the world’s greatest cities threatened by volcanic activity—Naples, Italy—to share lessons learned and to work together.

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